Indonesia’s President Prepares a Mysterious Apology
Foreign Policy Magazine
May 7, 2012
Blog By Endy Bayuni
When President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono leaves office in 2014, one
legacy he hopes to leave behind is an Indonesia that is truly
committed to upholding and observing human rights, now fully enshrined
in the nation’s constitution.
His chief legal advisor, Albert Hasibuan, recently disclosed that the
president has asked a team to prepare the text of a formal public
apology for all the human rights violations that the state has
committed against its own citizens. While he did not give any specific
details, Hasibuan said the apology, to be issued before 2014, would
cover all the tragic events in which the state was the main
perpetrator, going as far back as the 1960s.
Given Indonesia’s poor record in upholding human rights, at least
until the departure of dictator Soeharto in 1998, this is a noble
presidential gesture. A public apology will not only send a powerful
message that the state will no longer commit such atrocities but will
also bind future administrations to respect and observe human rights.
And Indonesia’s own citizens are not the only ones who will take note.
A public apology will also give Indonesia a clean slate after so many
years of being haunted by its ugly past. The state has been
responsible for the deaths of hundreds of thousands of its own
citizens – if not millions – because of their political beliefs.
Although it is rare for the state to apologize for past misdeeds
against its own citizens, it is not totally unprecedented. Australian
Prime Minister Kevin Rudd issued an apology in 2008 for the decades of
atrocities committed by the state against the Aborigines.
It is unclear whether President Yudhoyono took his cue from Rudd, but
the reaction of the Indonesian public when Hasibuan announced the plan
for a public apology has been largely indifferent. A few responses
came from human rights activists who welcomed the plan, while victims
of past atrocities (or their traumatized relatives) postponed any
judgment until they heard more about it.
There is good reason for the cold public reception to the plan. Most,
if not all, of the atrocities have never been acknowledged by the
state. Since there are no official records, they never happened. So,
what exactly is the state apologizing for?
The military’s massive purge of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI)
in 1965-66 – of its members, supporters and even their relatives –
reached genocidal proportions, with estimates ranging from 300,000 to
1.5 million deaths, but these horror stories have largely been erased
from the nation’s collective memory. No official has ever gone to jail
for what today would clearly fall under the UN category of a crime
against humanity, if not outright genocide.
The country’s official history and school textbooks make no mention of
the wholesale killings of people suspected of having even a hint of
linkage to the communist movement. Though many of the victims and
perpetrators are still alive today, most people are simply too
traumatized to revisit the events and reopen old wounds.
Nor has Indonesia officially come to terms with the atrocities the
state committed in dealing with insurgencies in Papua, East Timor (now
Timor Leste), and Aceh. As the state fought armed rebellions in these
territories, systematic killings and tortures against unarmed
civilians were part and parcel of official policy. And in between
these episodes, there were the killings, kidnappings, and
disappearances of pro-democracy activists and Islamists during the
three-decades of Soeharto’s dictatorship.
In 2004, the House of Representatives came up with legislation
mandating the establishment of a truth and reconciliation commission
modeled on the post-apartheid South Africa. Yudhoyono, however,
scrapped the plan as soon as he moved into the presidential office the
same year, arguing that the plan had too many constitutional loopholes
for it to be implemented.
All of which raises some fundamental questions: Why is the president
now considering a public apology? Is he willing to go the distance in
reopening the cases, thus reliving the national trauma with all the
political and legal consequences? Or how far will he allow the
investigation to go before it leads, almost inevitably, to the role
played by his father-in-law, the late General Sarwo Edhie Wibowo, in
leading the military campaign to crush the communist movement in
1965-66?
It could be, of course, that President Yudhoyono is intending to issue
a blanket apology that avoids getting bogged down in specific details,
and hopes that this will suffice as his legacy. But if the declaration
bypasses establishing painful truths about tragedies in which the
state was the chief perpetrator, this would not only make the apology
sound hollow, but would also deprive Indonesians of valuable lessons
they might otherwise learn. Finding the truth could also help to stop
the seemingly endless cycle of violence that has continued to plague
modern Indonesia decade after decade.
It was George Santayana who said, ”Those who cannot remember the past
are condemned to repeat it.” Coming to terms with the past may be
painful, but it’s hard to imagine how Indonesia can become a genuinely
healthy society without it.

Melanesians
It’s good but we don’t accept a mare word appology. There must be a pig killing and a big mumu, we won’t accept anything for we lost everything.
Stop the murder & the abuses in Indonesia’s Papua and International communities will believe the government of Indonesia. Regards from Spain.